Our History
Exploring an Unprecedented Idea
In 2008, under the leadership and vision of Costco Wholesale, United Farm Workers and Oxfam America, a group of experts and industry leaders in agriculture came together to explore an unconventional idea: Could diverse interests across the produce industry align in new ways to offer greater assurance of fair working conditions for farmworkers and increased food safety?
Oxfam America facilitated a series of exploratory discussions with this group over the next three years, encouraging these visionary leaders to bring their organization’s values and agendas to the table. Collaboration among such a diverse group of stakeholders was unprecedented in the industry. Each representative took a risk in coming to the table, but recognized the potential for shared reward if they could collaborate to achieve their goals.
After a year of exploration, this group of unlikely allies had agreed that sustainable change would require a new approach: giving everyone an equal seat at the table. The core principles of the EFI concept emerged in 2011: continuous improvement, inclusion of worker voice, and rigorous standards developed through multi-stakeholder participation.
Between 2011 and 2014, incubated within Oxfam America, EFI built and piloted the program with a small group of Costco produce suppliers that were willing to test the concept. The first four operations were certified in 2014, after adapting the labor, food safety and pest management standards through workforce development training and worker verification of compliance. Having proved the concept, participating stakeholders agreed to launch EFI as an independent nonprofit social enterprise in early 2015 and the rest, as they say, is history!
The outbreak sickened almost 200 people in 26 states and had a seismic impact on the fresh produce industry, shifting industry attention to traceability, transparency and greater assurance of food safety.
United Farm Workers, Costco Wholesale and Oxfam America initiate a series of multistakeholder meetings to explore aligning the interests of growers, farmworkers and retailers. Represented were major food buyers, growers, farm worker unions, farm worker advocacy NGOs, consumer advocates, pest management scientists and experts in organization and workforce development.
After a year of discussions, the group identified the mutually beneficial outcome areas of labor practices, food safety and pest management. Stakeholder experts began drafting what would eventually become the EFI Standards.
Stakeholder experts developed EFI Program outline, including workforce development training and mechanisms for including worker voice and continuous improvement.
Oxfam America serves as the incubator for EFI, assisting with resources and fundraising as the EFI program is developed and tested.
The nation’s deadliest foodborne illness outbreak since 1924 brought on criminal charges and a congressional inquiry against the responsible growers, again drawing the industry’s attention to the importance of food safety practices.
O’Driscoll was chosen to lead the EFI program while it operated under Oxfam America and then became Executive Director when the organization spun off as an independent nonprofit in 2015.
GoodFarms farming operations in Watsonville, Oxnard and Santa Maria test the program and give vital feedback.
Before EFI began certifying farms, Costco Wholesale committed to pay a premium on certified produce, which would fund a bonus to workers for the additional diligence required to comply with the EFI Standards.
GoodFarms Crisalida Berry Farm is the first in the nation to receive EFI certification.
L.A. Times journalists expose harsh working conditions and exploitation present in the U.S. fresh produce supply chain. The articles have a seismic effect on the industry and the need for social responsibility practices rise to the forefront.
GoodFarms’ El Milagro de Baja S. A. de C. V. is the first in Mexico to receive EFI certification.
EFI spins off from Oxfam America and incorporates as a 501(c))(3) nonprofit, starting with five staff members. Stakeholders from the original conversations fill 12 seats on the board.
Greenhouse grower, Windset Farms®, is the second grower and first in Canada to receive EFI certification.
EFI is recognized in Whole Foods Market’s Responsibly Grown campaign. Whole Foods becomes an official participating retail buyer in the EFI Program.
Alpine Fresh in Tecate, Mexico is the first packing operation certified by EFI.
U.S. Secretary of Labor, Thomas E. Perez and Congresswoman Julia Brownley of California’s 26th District visited Crisalida Berry Farm in Oxnard to learn more about EFI’s multi-stakeholder approach and talk with farmworkers and EFI stakeholder representatives.
In 2016, the EFI staff grows by five positions as the organization expands in its training and administrative capabilities.
NatureSweet’s operation in San Isidro, Jalisco, Mexico receives the 10th EFI certification.
As farms for Houweling’s Tomatoes, Keystone Fruit Marketing, Windset Farms, Alpine Fresh, NatureSweet Tomatoes and GoodFarms receive certification, EFI’s reach through certified farms passes 10,000 farmworkers.
GoddFarms’ farm in Jacona, Mexico receives 20th EFI certification.
As additional farms from Windset Farms, NatureSweet Tomatoes, GoodFarms and Alpine Fresh earn certifications, EFI’s reach to farmworkers through certified farms passes 15,000.
After conducting a strategic branding initiative, EFI launched a new logo along with a label for use on certified produce. The label takes its shape from the four-part leaf in the logo, which represents EFI’s four stakeholder groups: growers, workers, retailers and consumers.
Onions 52 receives 25th EFI certification for Hartley’s Produce onion farm in Prosser, Washington.
JV Smith Companies joins as a grower representative. National Center for Appropriate Technology comes on to serve as pest management expert.
The EFI Workforce Development Program trains farmworkers in communication, problem solving and conflict resolution. Managers and farmworkers report improved communication and work culture as a result of the skills developed during the training.
Rouge River Farms becomes the first certified grower-shipper on the East Coast.
The extra training and diligence expected from farmworkers on EFI-certified farms is rewarded with a bonus drawn from the sales of EFI produce to participating retailers.
In response to the Product of Mexico series, the Joint Committee on Responsible Labor Practices was formed to identify and articulate principles guaranteeing the fair treatment of farmworkers. The Ethical Charter outlines values in three areas: Respect for Laws at Work, Respect for Professional Conduct and Respect for Human Rights.
Alpine Fresh’s Importaciones Mundiales S. A. receives the first certification in Guatemala.
Trained farmworkers create cross-level Leadership Teams that work to meet and maintain compliance with the EFI Standards. Teams are often used to provide input to management on other issues on the farm and help drive efficiencies and business improvements beyond the EFI Standards.
Women have always been well-represented on EFI Leadership Teams. While women make up 36% of the total workforce on EFI-certified farms, they make up 42% of Leadership Team membership.
As farms from Rouge River Farms, Sunset, Onions 52, NatureSweet Tomatoes, GoodFarms and Alpine Fresh receive certification, EFI’s reach to farmworkers through certified farms passes 20,000.
Including farmworkers on farms with active leadership teams working toward certification, EFI reaches over 30,000 farmworkers.
Developing farmworkers’ soft skills and providing the systems that engage them has allowed farming operations to experience improved organizational culture and management systems. Additionally, many farmworkers report taking the soft skills acquired during EFI trainings home to their families and communities.
EFI launched an optional addendum carefully benchmarked to the Ethical Charter with the updated certification program.
Individual farmworkers report using the bonus to cover household necessities and special extras. A few ways farmworkers report using their bonus for buying food, shoes and clothing, paying utility bills, providing weekly allowance for children, taking the family out to dinner and saving for Christmas gifts.
Sweet corn grower Rogue River Farms receives EFI’s 30th certification after certifying all three of its locations.
EFI has reached over 36,000 farmworkers on 59 farms in four countries and awarded more than 8.5 million dollars in farmworker bonuses. With a staff of 14, the organization continues to be supported by stakeholders across the industry.